One year ago, two sushi bar owners paid over $100,000 for one 282-pound bluefin tuna at a Japanese auction. The reason the price was so high for the premium fish? Supply and demand.
Over the last 40 years, the bluefin tuna population has declined by more than 80 percent, mostly by Japanese consumers eating sushi and sashimi. The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) has warned that the species could be extinct in three years if drastic measures aren’t taken.
Bamboo Sushi in Portland, Oregon, refuses to serve bluefin tuna. They are a sushi restaurant with a conscious. So much so, that they have been deemed the number one most sustainable sushi bar in the United States by the Marine Stewardship Council and are tied for the prime top spot in the world with Le Manoir aux Quat’ Saisons in England.
Kristofor Lofgren calls himself an “ecopreneur.” He opened Bamboo Sushi in November of 2008 with one goal in mind - to get the MSC’s stamp of approval. This means that all of their fish come from fisheries that have undergone a rigorous assessment for sustainability and environmental responsibility.
“Japanese food is the quintessential harmony and balance cuisine. We don’t need to destroy the environment to enjoy it.”
Lofgren owns his own albacore fishing boat and will soon have salmon in his fleet. He makes sure that when he buys fish it is traceable back to a sustainable source. “How the fish are caught is important, since it could stress out the fish.” Plus certain methods, like bottom trawling, destroy habitats and the environment. Lofgren looks for fisherman who catch by pole and troll, hook and line, and kill the fish
ike jime style, a Japanese method which is less brutal. The thinking is to avoid a stressful death, which impacts the quality and taste of the fish. Many fish caught in the US are sold directly to the Japanese fish market Tsukiji, before coming back to the states. Kristofor stays one step ahead and gets the fish before it travels to Japan, taking out the middle step. This makes the fish fresher and more affordable. “The more hands that touch it, the more expensive and the quality is lower.”
When and What to Eat
The philosophy of Bamboo Sushi is to think of fish as seasonal, like produce.
There are different times of the year when eating a particular fish is better than others, for instance:
- winter: crab, sea urchin
- late spring/early summer, fall: mackerel
- spring: tuna
- summer: salmon.
They always serve wild-caught and never farmed fish. They also offer flights with 3 and 5 varieties of the same species of fish.
How difficult is it to serve only sustainable fish? “When people taste what these fish should taste like, then they understand. Hamachi is not supposed to taste like goopy cat food that’s creamy butter yellow. It is actually closer to mackerel than tuna, and should be meaty and thick with vibrant pink, white, yellow and gray.”
What are the top three fish you should avoid? “Bluefin tuna, unagi (fresh water eel) and octopus. Instead choose sea eel, big eye or albacore tuna, and spear squid, which is phenomenal. It’s almost like pasta and it’s plentiful. Lots of sushi places buy unagi prepackaged from Korea. They then pop it in the toaster oven and put the sweet sauce on top, which masks the taste.” Fresh water eel is often raised in open net pens which allow waste products, disease and parasites from the farm to flow directly into the surrounding environment – impacting the habitat and the wild eel.
What Role can Consumers Play
What are some things you can do? “Don’t be afraid of frozen fish. In fact, using frozen fish reduces food waste and helps repopulation. Amaebi (spot prawn) from Canada is a great example of tasting better after being frozen. It’s sweeter.”
Avoid red-listed fish like bluefin tuna and farmed salmon. Monterey Bay Aquarium suggests choosing wild-caught Alaska salmon (sake), farmed scallops (hotate) and Pacific halibut (hirame) as more sustainable choices.
Downloadable and Printable Guides
To help you navigate the seafood landscape, the Monterey Bay Aquarium has a free Seafood Watch iPhone App.
Blue Ocean Institute offers a seafood guide.
The sustainable restaurant guide, Fish2Fork, is a good resource and has rated the best and worst most sustainable sushi restaurants in the US. Here are a few of the best and worst:
The Best
1. Bamboo Sushi, Portland, OR
2. Ray's Boathouse, Seattle, WA
3. Blue Ridge, Washington, DC
The Worst
1. Nobu, New York, NY
2. Bar Masa, New York, NY
3. 15 East, New York, NY